Analysis on design strategies and operation performance of HVAC system for ultra-low energy residential buildings

Ultra-low energy buildings are designed to provide occupants with better indoor air quality (IAQ) and thermal and humidity conditions than conventional residential buildings while minimizing operation energy consumption. The core of this technological system is to maximize the use of passive technology, reduce the cooling and heating demands of the buildings, and give priority to the application of renewable energy, with the expectation of reducing the heating, cooling and lighting energy consumption of the buildings. Taking the Sino-German passive ultra-low energy residential demonstration district in Qingdao area as an example, this paper firstly presents the passive design scheme of the studied residential building. Secondly, the HVAC design scheme of the project is presented in detail, including the cold and heat source system, outdoor air system, and kitchen ventilation. Finally, the continuous monitoring of typical households is carried out, and the system operation effect is analysed. The research of this paper aims to explore the passive design and HVAC design scheme of ultra-low energy residential buildings, and provide valuable technical experience for the low-carbon design of residential buildings.